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Shekarar da ta gabata, ta kasance wadda dakarun Rasha ba su ji da ɗaɗi ba tun soma yaƙi da Ukraine: an kashe mutum aƙalla 45,287.
Wannan ya kai ninki uku na yawan waɗanda aka kashe a shekarar farko da aka fara mamayar kuma sun zarce asarar da aka yi a 2023, lokacin da aka yi ta gwabza faɗa mai tsanani a birnin Bakhmut.
A lokacin da aka fara yaƙin, an yi ta samun asara daban-daban a muhimman wurare, sai dai a 2024 an riƙa samun ƙaruwar waɗanda ake kashe wa da kuma ruguza gine-gine a wata-wata, abin da ya ba mu damar gano cewa Rasha na asarar rayuka aƙalla 27 a duk wani yankin Ukraine da ta ƙwato.
Sashen Rasha na BBC, tare da haɗin gwiwar wata kafar yaɗa labarai mai zaman kanta da kuma tawagar masu sa-kai, sun samu bayanai daga makabartu da kuma sojoji a Rasha.
Zuwa yanzu, mun gano sunayen sojojin Rasha 106,745 da aka kashe lokacin da Rasha ta kaddamar da mamaya kan Ukraine.
Ainihin alkaluman sun fi haka. Ƙwararru kan ɓangaren soji sun kiyasta cewa alkaluman mu za su kai kashi 45 da kuma 65 na mutanen da suka mutu, abin da ke nufin cewa an rasa rayuka 164,223 zuwa 237,211.
20 ga watan Febrairun 2024, ita ce rana mafi muni ga sojojin Rasha a wannan shekarar.
Cikin waɗanda aka rasa akwai Aldar Bairov, Igor Babych da kuma Okhunjon, waɗanda suka kasance dakaru a runduna ta 36 - sun mutu ne lokacin da Ukraine ta harba wasu makaman linzami masu cin dogon zango huɗu a wani filin horarwa kusa da birnin Volnovakha a yankin Donetsk da aka mamaye.
Suna halartar wata jana'iza ce lokacin da aka harba makaman. An kashe sojoji 65, ciki har da kwamandansu Kanal Musaev. An kuma jikkata gommai.
Bairov, ɗan shekara 22 da ya fito daga garin Buryatia da ke gabashin Siberia, ya karanci ɓangaren lafiyar abinci, amma an tilasta masa shiga aikin soja - ya kuma saka hannu kan kwantiragin zama ƙwararren soja.
A watan Febrairun 2022, ya tafi Ukraine don yin faɗa a garin Borodyanka lokacin da rundunarsu ke dannawa zuwa Kyiv a watan Maris ɗin 2022.
An ruguza garin gaba-ɗaya. Majiyoyi a Ukraine sun ce sojojin Rasha na da hannu a kisan fararen hula.
Asalin hoton, Family Handout
Okhunjon Rustamov, mai shekara 31 da ya fito daga Chita a birnin Siberia, ya yi aiki a matsayin mai aikin welda kafin shiga aikin soji wanda ya zama wajibi. Ya shiga runduna a lokacin wani aiki na musamman a Oktoban 2022.
Ba kamar Rustamov ba, Igor Babych mai shekara 32, ya amince ya tafi Ukraine don yin yaƙi. Ya yi aiki da manya da kuma yara waɗanda suke fama da cutar shanyewar ƙwaƙwalwa (cerabral palsy), inda ya ba su taimako har zuwa Afrilun 2023.
Sojojin Rasha 210 ne suka mutu gaba-ɗaya a ranar, a cewar alkaluman da muka tattara.
Jim kaɗan bayan harin da ya faɗa filin horaswar, ministan tsaron Rasha na wancan lokaci Sergie Shoigu ya gana da Vladimir Putin domin ba shi bayani na irin nasarori da sojojin ƙasar suka samu a fagen daga.
Bai faɗi harin da aka kai kan filin horaswar ba, kuma babu wani bayani daga ma'aikatar tsaron ƙasar kan batun a rahoton da take fitarwa a kowace rana.
Wata ƴar uwan Okhunjon Rustamov, ta ce ta binne ƴan uwanta uku waɗanda aka kashe a yaƙin. "A Disamban 2022, mijina ya rasu. Ranar 10 ga Febrairun 2024, an kashe ubangidana. Sannan ranar 20 ga watan Febrairun ɗan uwana ya mutu. Na yi ta yin jana'iza daga wannan zuwa wancan."
Yawan asarar sojoji da Rasha ta yi
A shekaru biyu na farkon yaƙin, 2022 da 2023, Rasha ta samu asarori sanadiyyar: kazamin faɗa da ake yi ba ƙaƙƙautawa.
Alal misali a 2023, an fi samun waɗanda suka mutu tsakanin Janairu da kuma Maris, lokacin da sojojin Rasha suka yi yunkurin ƙwashe iko da garuruwan Vuhledar da Bakhmut a birnin Donetsk.
A shekara ta farko na fara yaƙin, a cewar bayanai da muka tattara, Rasha ta yi asarar aƙalla sojoji 17,890. Wannan bai haɗa da irin asarar da Rashan ta yi ba na dakarunta a gabashin Ukraine.
A 2023, alkaluman sojoji da suka mutu ya ƙaru zuwa 37,633.
A 2024, ba a samu raguwar alkaluman waɗanda ake kashe wa ba. An gwabza kazamin faɗa a Avdiivka da Robotyne, da kuma ruwan alburusai a garuruwan Pokrovsk da Toretsk.
A watan Agustan 2024, an kashe wasu ƴan Rasha da aka tilastawa shiga aikin soja - lokacin da dakarun Ukraine suka kutsa kan iyaka zuwa yankin Kursk. Daga 6 zuwa 13 ga Agusta kaɗai, an kiyasta kashe sojojin Rasha 1,226.
Sai dai, an samu gagarumin asarar rayukan sojoji ne lokacin da dakarun na Rasha suka riƙa dannawa a hankali zuwa gabashi tsakanin Satumba da kuma Nuwamban 2024, a cewar wani ƙwararre kan harkar soji a Amurka, Michael Kofman.
"Yanayin dabaru sun janyo yawan kai hare-hare daga ƙungiyoyi, tare da amfani da wasu ƙananan makamai, abin da ya janyo ƙaruwar mace-macen sojoji," in ji shi.
Bayan kwashe kusan shekara biyu ana gwabza faɗa, sojojin Rasha sun kwashe wani wurin ajiye kayayyaki a garin Vuhledar da ke birnin Donetsk ranar 1 ga Oktoban 2024.
A cewar bayanai daga cibiyar da ke nazari kan yake-yake ta Amurka (ISW), ta ce daga Satumba zuwa Nuwamban 2024, dakarun Rasha sun kwashe yanki da ya kai girman murabba'i 2,356 a Ukraine.
Duk da haka, sojojin Ukraine da ke fagen daga ba su saduda ba.
Dannawar da dakarun Rashar suka yi zuwa gabashin Ukrane, ta janyo mutuwar jami'anta 11,678.
Alkaluman za su iya fin haka. Mun ɗauki alkaluman sojoji da jami'an da aka bayyana sunayensu ne kaɗai, waɗanda kuma aka binne a wannan lokaci.
Gaba-ɗaya a 2024, a cewar Cibiyar ta ISW, ta ce Rasha ta kwashe yanki mai girman murabba'i 4,168.
Wannan na nufin cewa ga kowane yanki da aka kwashe, sojojin Rasha 27 ne ake kashewa - kuma bai haɗa da waɗanda suka ji rauni ba.
Yadda asarar ke janyo sauyi a ɗaukar sabbin sojoji
Rasha ta samu hanyoyin maye gurbin dakarunta da suka samu koma-baya.
"An samu ƙaruwar sojoji da Rasha ke ɗauka a zango na biyu na shekara ta 2024 kuma hakan ya zarce waɗanda aka rasa, abin da ya janyo Moscow ke sake shiri," in ji Michael Kofman.
An ƙara wa sojoji kuɗi da ke saka hannu kan kwantiragi da ake biya sau ɗaya a yankunan Rasha uku. Ana biyan sojoji masu aikin sa-kai da ke fagen dagba sau biyar zuwa bakwai.
Masu aikin sa-kai sun kasance waɗanda suka fi rasa rayukansu a bayanai da muka tattara, inda suka kai rabin waɗanda aka kashe.
A 2023-2024, an aika dubban sojoji masu aikin sa-kai daga ma'aikatar tsaro da suka saka hannu kan kwantiragi zuwa fagen daga kwanaki 10-14 bayan nan. Rashin horaswa na tsawon lokaci ya ƙara janyo barazanar damar da suke da ita na rayuwa, a cewar ƙwararru.
Wani ɗan Rasha, Bashkortostan, ya ga ɗaruruwan mutane da aka kashe, inda aka samu asarar sojoji 4,836. Waɗanda ke zaune a ƙarƙara ne kaa fi kashewa, kuma kashi 38 sun tafi yin yaƙi ne ba tare da wata ƙwarewa ba.
Ainihin alkaluman sojojin Rasha da ake kashewa na ƙaruwa matuka, idan aka saka waɗanda suka tafi yaƙi Ukraine.
An ruwaito cewa aƙalla sojoji 21,000 zuwa 23,500 ne aka kashe a watan Satumban 2024.
Wannan ya sa alkaluman dakarun ƙasar da aka kashe ya kai 185,000 zuwa 260,700.
